Where each one leads
Volkswagen Passat
- On Canada's official test the most frugal 2022 Volkswagen Passat uses 8.3 l/100 km, the 2025 Volvo S90 9.2.
- Measured by the cars' own fuel meters, the petrol hybrid Volkswagen Passat uses 6.4 l/100 km on the road, the Volvo S90 8.5.
Volvo S90
- Against cars of the same year, the Volvo S90 comes out better in New York safety inspections (fails 26% less often than average) than the Volkswagen Passat (fails 12% more often than average).
- Fewer Volvo S90 cars in the Netherlands carry an illogical odometer record (1.4% against 3.8%).
Too close to call: MOT pass rate against cars of the same age; official CO₂ of new cars in Europe (g/km).
Only measures that do not depend on how many cars were sold: pass and failure rates against cars of the same age, ratings, fuel use and CO₂. How we compare
At a glance
| Volkswagen Passat | Volvo S90 | |
|---|---|---|
| Model years in the US safety record | 1988–2025 | 1991–2025 |
| New cars registered in Europe | 1,972,396 (2010–2022) | 36,779 (2016–2022) |
| Licensed in the United Kingdom | 178,867 | 7,535 |
| On the road in the Netherlands | 61,953 | 1,987 |
| In traffic in Finland | 50,018 | 3,514 |
| Generations on record | 6 | — |
EEA new-car registrations (CC BY 4.0) · DVLA licensed vehicles (OGL v3.0) · RDW (CC0) · Traficom (CC BY 4.0) · generations: Wikidata (CC0).
Reliability and problems
| Volkswagen Passat | Volvo S90 | |
|---|---|---|
| UK MOT first-time pass rate | 71% | 88% |
| … against cars of the same age | +3% | +4% |
| New York safety inspections failed | 2.3% | 1.0% |
| … against cars of the same year | +12% | −26% |
| Illogical odometer records (NL) | 3.8% | 1.4% |
| US owner complaints | 7,707 | 69 |
| Most complaints about | Air bags | Unknown or other |
| Model year with most complaints | 2013 (749) | 1998 (25) |
| US recall campaigns | 54 | 13 |
| Manufacturer service bulletins | 14,721 | 2,421 |
| NHTSA defect investigations | 79 | 8 |
Complaint, recall and bulletin counts grow with the number of cars sold and are not adjusted for it. UK MOT: DVSA anonymised MOT results (OGL v3.0); New York: DMV inspections; complaints, recalls, bulletins and investigations: NHTSA (public domain); odometer: RDW (CC0).
Safety
| Volkswagen Passat | Volvo S90 | |
|---|---|---|
| NHTSA overall rating | 4★ (2022) | — |
NHTSA New Car Assessment Program, most recent rated model year (public domain).
Fuel, emissions and price
| Volkswagen Passat | Volvo S90 | |
|---|---|---|
| Official combined fuel use, Canada | 8.3 l/100 km (2022) | 9.2 l/100 km (2025) |
| Real-world use in Europe, diesel | 6.0 l/100 km | — |
| Real-world use in Europe, petrol | 7.3 l/100 km | — |
| Real-world use in Europe, petrol hybrid | 6.4 l/100 km | 8.5 l/100 km |
| Real-world use in Europe, diesel hybrid | — | 7.1 l/100 km |
| Official CO₂ of new cars in Europe | 122 g/km | 120 g/km |
| Average power of new cars in Europe | 117 kW (157 hp) | 185 kW (249 hp) |
| Average mass in running order | 1,606 kg | 1,953 kg |
| Dutch list price when new (median) | €44,330 | €71,240 |
| Average odometer in Finland | 238,000 km | 170,000 km |
Canada: NRCan Fuel Consumption Ratings, most frugal version of the latest year (OGL Canada). Europe: EEA monitoring of new-car CO₂ and on-board fuel meters (OBFCM), CC BY 4.0. Price: RDW catalogue price (CC0). Finland: Traficom (CC BY 4.0).