Complaints by model year
Each bar is one model year. The most recent years are still collecting complaints.
NHTSA ODI complaints (public domain) · updated 23 Oct 2026
New York safety inspections
Share of first inspections failed on safety, by model year. Older cars fail more as miles build up, so compare each year with the average car of the same year. Best against its own year: 2024.
NY DMV Vehicle Inspections, initial inspections since Aug 2021 · how we count
Year by year
| Model year | Complaints | Recalls |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 0 | 3 |
| 2024 S90 | 2 | 2 |
| 2023 S90 | 2 | 3 |
| 2022 S90 | 2 | 3 |
| 2021 S90 | 0 | 2 |
| 2020 S90 | 3 | 3 |
| 2019 S90 | 3 | 4 |
| 2018 S90 | 16 | 2 |
| 2017 S90 | 8 | 4 |
| 2016 S90 | 0 | 2 |
| 1999 | 1 | 0 |
| 1998 S90 | 25 | 0 |
| 1997 | 7 | 0 |
| 1996 | 0 | 0 |
| 1995 | 0 | 0 |
| 1994 | 0 | 0 |
| 1993 | 0 | 0 |
| 1992 | 0 | 0 |
| 1991 | 0 | 0 |
A model year gets its own page when it has enough data for at least three sections
Most common problems
- Unknown or other13
- Service brakes, hydraulic9
- Vehicle speed control8
- Electrical system7
- Visibility6
- Suspension5
- Structure4
- Power train4
NHTSA ODI complaints, all model years
Crash-test ratings by year
NHTSA 5-star results for 1 model-year variants; not yet fully rated. Rollover risk is the estimated chance of rolling over in a single-vehicle crash.
| Year | Variant | Overall | Rollover risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 2026 VOLVO S90 4 DR MHEV AWD | — | 0.0 % |
NHTSA New Car Assessment Program (5-Star Safety Ratings), api.nhtsa.gov · US federal work, public domain
Fuel consumption by year
Official Canadian test results for 10 model years, best variant per year. Combined consumption ranges from 8.7–12.8 L/100 km.
| Year | Variant | City | Highway | Combined |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | S90 B6 AWD · Mid-size · Premium gasoline | 10.6 | 7.6 | 9.2 |
| 2024 | S90 B6 AWD · Mid-size · Premium gasoline | 10.6 | 7.6 | 9.2 |
| 2023 | S90 B6 AWD · Mid-size · Premium gasoline | 10.3 | 7.5 | 9.0 |
| 2022 | S90 B6 AWD · Mid-size · Premium gasoline | 10.4 | 7.5 | 9.1 |
| 2021 | S90 T6 AWD · Mid-size · Premium gasoline | 11.3 | 7.5 | 9.6 |
| 2020 | S90 T6 AWD · Mid-size · Premium gasoline | 11.3 | 7.5 | 9.6 |
| 2019 | S90 T5 AWD · Mid-size · Premium gasoline | 10.6 | 7.4 | 9.2 |
| 2018 | S90 T5 AWD · Mid-size · Premium gasoline | 10.1 | 7.4 | 8.8 |
| 2017 | S90 T5 · Mid-size · Premium gasoline | 10.1 | 7.0 | 8.7 |
| 1998 | S90 · Compact · Premium gasoline | 14.8 | 10.3 | 12.8 |
Litres per 100 km. Natural Resources Canada, Fuel consumption ratings (open.canada.ca) · Open Government Licence – Canada
In New Zealand
46 S90 cars are on the New Zealand register; 20% arrived as used imports.
| Model year | Registered | Sold new in NZ | Used imports |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| 2018 | 7 | 7 | 0 |
| 2017 | 17 | 13 | 4 |
| 2016 | 5 | 5 | 0 |
| 2001 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 2000 | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| 1998 | 5 | 1 | 4 |
| 1997 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| 1996 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
NZ Transport Agency Waka Kotahi, Motor Vehicle Register (March 2026) · CC BY 4.0
In the Netherlands
1,987 S90 cars are on Dutch roads; 25% arrived later as imports, and 15 still have a recall open. Open a year for APK defects, odometer checks and colours.
| First registered | On the road | Median list price |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 136 | €80,863 |
| 2023 | 144 | €79,970 |
| 2022 | 57 | €73,324 |
| 2021 | 72 | €71,749 |
| 2020 | 222 | €62,150 |
| 2019 | 239 | €64,214 |
| 2018 | 366 | €62,175 |
| 2017 | 443 | €64,353 |
| 2016 | 165 | €71,240 |
| 1998 | 46 | — |
| 1997 | 97 | — |
RDW Open Data: registered vehicles (CC0) · list price is the manufacturer's catalogue price when new
In Finland
3,512 S90 cars were in use in Finland on 30 Jun 2026: 33% petrol, 67% diesel; 28% of all are hybrids. Mileage is the odometer reading at the last inspection.
| First registered | In use | Average mileage |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 6 | — |
| 2024 | 64 | 41,000 km |
| 2023 | 82 | 115,000 km |
| 2022 | 135 | 115,000 km |
| 2021 | 149 | 102,000 km |
| 2020 | 230 | 129,000 km |
| 2019 | 393 | 146,000 km |
| 2018 | 815 | 155,000 km |
| 2017 | 1,105 | 190,000 km |
| 2016 | 396 | 198,000 km |
| 1998 | 64 | 323,000 km |
| 1997 | 73 | 299,000 km |
Traficom (Finnish Transport and Communications Agency), open data on vehicles in use, 30 Jun 2026 · CC BY 4.0
Road collisions in Great Britain
From 2021 to 2025, 132 S90 cars were involved in road collisions in Great Britain that injured someone and were reported to the police. 0 of those collisions were fatal and 21 caused serious injuries. As with any count, models with more cars on British roads appear more often.
| Year | Cars in injury collisions | Fatal | Serious |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 26 | 0 | 9 |
| 2024 | 31 | 0 | 3 |
| 2023 | 21 | 0 | 2 |
| 2022 | 37 | 0 | 6 |
| 2021 | 17 | 0 | 1 |
Department for Transport, STATS19 road safety data 2021–2025 · Open Government Licence v3.0 · how we count
In the United Kingdom
7,535 S90 cars were licensed for the road at the end of 2025, by year of manufacture.
| Built | Licensed | Off the road (SORN) |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 14 | — |
| 2023 | 150 | 3 |
| 2022 | 236 | 11 |
| 2021 | 208 | 4 |
| 2020 | 944 | 17 |
| 2019 | 1,984 | 33 |
| 2018 | 2,354 | 40 |
| 2017 | 1,319 | 33 |
| 2016 | 272 | 7 |
| 2012 | 1 | — |
| 1999 | 0 | 1 |
| 1998 | 11 | 13 |
| 1997 | 42 | 45 |
Department for Transport and DVLA, vehicle licensing statistics (table VEH0124) · Open Government Licence v3.0
MOT test results in Great Britain
7,424 S90 cars took their annual MOT test in 2023; 88% passed first time, against 85% for all cars of the same ages. Older cars fail more often, so compare a year with the same year of other cars.
| First registered | Tests | Passed first time |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 1,051 | 89% |
| 2019 | 2,169 | 88% |
| 2018 | 2,526 | 89% |
| 2017 | 1,390 | 88% |
| 2016 | 288 | 82% |
Why they fail
Share of all first tests that ended in a fail because of each part of the car (one test can fail on several).
| Area | S90 | All cars, same ages |
|---|---|---|
| Tyres | 5.8% | 5.2% |
| Brakes | 3.7% | 2.8% |
| Lamps, reflectors and electrical equipment | 1.3% | 3.9% |
| Visibility | 0.9% | 3.5% |
| Suspension | 0.8% | 1.6% |
| Body, chassis, structure | 0.5% | 0.5% |
| Steering | 0.3% | 0.3% |
| Noise, emissions and leaks | 0.3% | 1.0% |
DVSA anonymised MOT tests and results, 2023 (Department for Transport) · Open Government Licence v3.0 · first tests of cars only; a fix made at the test station within the hour still counts as a fail
New registrations in Europe
36,779 new Volvo S90 cars registered in the EU, Norway and Iceland between 2016 and 2022, from the European Environment Agency's CO₂ monitoring of every new car. In 2022 the largest markets were Poland (366), Sweden (248), Germany (138).
| Year | New cars | CO₂ g/km |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 1,404 | 120 (WLTP) |
| 2021 | 1,603 | 121 (WLTP) |
| 2020 | 3,962 | 144 (WLTP) |
| 2019 | 6,284 | 145 (WLTP) |
| 2018 | 10,516 | 157 (WLTP) |
| 2017 | 9,759 | 121 (NEDC) |
| 2016 | 3,251 | — |
Averages are weighted by registrations; CO₂ is the type-approval value (NEDC until the WLTP switch). European Environment Agency, CO₂ emissions from new passenger cars · re-use permitted with acknowledgement
Real-world fuel consumption
4,289 Volvo S90 cars registered in Europe between 2021 and 2024 report their fuel use through the on-board meter. Diesel hybrid versions average 7.1 l/100 km on the road, against 5.8 l/100 km in the official WLTP test — 23% more. Plug-in hybrids use 6.6 l/100 km against 1.2 l/100 km on paper, with 23% of their distance covered with the engine off.
| Fuel | Cars | On the road | WLTP | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Petrol hybrid | 949 | 8.5 | 6.9 | +24% |
| Diesel hybrid | 1,455 | 7.1 | 5.8 | +23% |
| Plug-in hybrid | 1,885 | 6.6 | 1.2 | +454% |
Litres per 100 km: total fuel used divided by total distance driven, from the car's own fuel consumption meter (OBFCM), collected in 2024 by the manufacturers, mostly remotely, and by national authorities. WLTP figures are the type-approval CO₂ values converted to litres. Hybrids, including mild hybrids, do not plug in; plug-in hybrid figures include the distance driven on electricity. European Environment Agency, Real-world CO₂ emissions from cars and vans · CC BY 4.0
What it costs in fuel
On real-world figures the diesel hybrid Volvo S90 uses 7.1 litres per 100 km, so 15,000 km a year takes about 1,070 litres: £2,123 at this week's average price in United Kingdom, its largest market in Europe.
| Country | Diesel hybrid | Petrol hybrid |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | £2,123 | £2,236 |
| Sweden | €2,173 | €2,101 |
| Germany | €2,413 | €2,791 |
| Poland | €1,907 | €1,998 |
| Finland | €2,696 | €2,981 |
| United States | $1,766 | $1,450 |
Fuel for 15,000 km (9,300 miles) a year at real-world consumption. Pump prices with taxes, week of 19 October 2026: European Commission Weekly Oil Bulletin, UK Department for Energy Security and Net Zero, US Energy Information Administration. Non-euro EU prices are in euros as the Bulletin publishes them.
Work it out for your driving
EU safety alerts
Safety Gate, the European Union's rapid alert system, names the S90 in at least 12 alerts. European versions can differ from the North American car.
The vehicle's braking functionality can be disabled while using 'B' mode (in plug-in hybrid cars) or One Pedal Drive (in pure electric cars), after coasting downhill. This can lead to a collision and increase the risk of accidents and injuries. The product doe…
Some problems with the high-voltage battery can cause an overheating of the battery cells when the battery is fully charged. This can lead the vehicle catch fire. The product does not comply with the Regulation on the approval and market surveillance of motor …
The rod between the brake pedal and the brake booster may not have been assembled correctly. The rod can become detached, leading the brake pedal to dysfunction, increasing the risk of accidents and injuries. The product does not comply with the Regulation on …
The nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions are above the regulatory limits. Excessive NOx emissions pose a risk to the environment. The product does not comply with the Regulation on the approval and market surveillance of motor vehicles and their trailers, and of sys…
The combustion engine may not start, leaving only the high voltage battery to drive on. This can drain the battery and lead to a loss of propulsion when driving, increasing the risk of an accident. The product does not comply with the Regulation on the approva…
The welding connection between the motor’s rotor shaft and the magnet package in the hydraulic unit of the brake system may be partially or fully missing.As a result, the brake boost, the anti-lock braking system (ABS) and the electronic stability control (ESC…
The fuel tank under-pressure is not properly released when needed due to a software error in the Engine Control Module (ECM), which may cause excessive deformation and compression of the fuel tank .As a result the engine may stall while the Driver Information …
The 15A fuse to the low-pressure fuel pump may blow. As a result, the engine could stall and not be able start, increasing the risk of an accident. The product does not comply with the requirements laid down in the Regulation on the approval and market surveil…
Due to an excessive build-up of carbon deposits in the intake system, the plastic engine intake manifold may melt and deform. As a result, a localized engine bay fire may occur.
Possible missing screw connection on the front seat rails. In the event of a rear-end collision the seat position may be impacted and the vehicle occupant protection function may be impaired, increasing the risk of an injury.
A software problem has been detected in the communication module of the emergency call system. As a consequence, incorrect location information might be sent to the emergency services in the event of an accident.
The bolts that secure the inflatable curtain airbags in place may break, possibly resulting in the inflatable curtain airbag deploying improperly in the event of a crash.
Safety Gate (European Commission) · CC0
Recalls
13 campaigns cover the S90; the latest 12 are below.
Volvo Car USA, LLC (Volvo Car) is recalling certain 2021-2025 XC40, 2022 V90, 2022-2024 C40BEV, 2022-2025 S90, V90CC, XC60, 2023-2025 S60, V60, V60CC, XC90, and 2025 EC40, and EX40 vehicles. The rearview camera image may not display when the vehicle is placed in reverse. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 111, "Rear Visibility."
Volvo Car USA, LLC (Volvo Car) is recalling certain 2021-2025 XC40, 2022 V90, 2022-2025 S90, V90CC, C40, XC60, 2023-2025 S60, V60, V60CC, XC90, and 2025 EC40 and EX40 vehicles. The rearview camera image may not display when the vehicle is placed in reverse. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 111, "Rear Visibility."
Volvo Car USA, LLC (Volvo Car) is recalling certain 2020-2021 S90, 2020-2022 S60, V60, XC60, XC90, and 2022 V90 plug-in hybrid vehicles. The high-voltage battery may experience a short circuit within the battery module when the battery is fully charged and the vehicle is parked.
Volvo Car USA, LLC (Volvo) is recalling certain 2025 S90 vehicles. The windows may be improperly secured and detach.
Volvo Car USA, LLC (Volvo Car) is recalling certain 2022-2023 S60, V60, S90L, XC60, and XC90 vehicles. An electronic control module (ECM) software error may prevent the combustion engine from starting, causing a loss of drive power.
Volvo Car USA, LLC (Volvo Car) is recalling certain 2021 S90L, 2020-2021 XC60, and XC90 vehicles. An improperly welded rotor and shaft may separate within the integrated brake system.
Volvo Car USA, LLC (Volvo Car) is recalling certain 2019-2020 V90, XC60, S60, V60, V60CC, S90, V90CC, S90L, and XC90 vehicles. The low-pressure fuel pump can blow a fuse and fail.
Volvo Cars USA LLC (Volvo Cars) is recalling certain 2019-2020 S60, V60, V60 Cross Country, S90L, V90, V90 Cross Country, XC40, XC60, and XC90 vehicles. Due to a software/hardware incompatibility, the Automatic Emergency Brake (AEB) system may not detect obstacles and engage as intended.
Volvo Car USA LLC (Volvo) is recalling certain 2018-2019 XC60 and S90 vehicles. The driver and passenger front seat rail rear flange nuts may not have been installed during assembly.
Volvo Car USA LLC (Volvo) is recalling certain 2017-2019 Volvo XC90, S90, V60, V60 Cross Country, V90, XC40, XC60, and V90 Cross Country vehicles. The software installed in the Vehicle Connectivity Module (VCM) may have an error causing the Telematics and Driver Support Systems to function improperly. As a result, the GPS will not provide location information to emergency personnel in the event of an emergency.
Volvo Car USA LLC (Volvo) is recalling certain 2017 XC90, S90, and V90 Cross Country vehicles. The bolts that secure the Inflatable Curtain (IC) air bags in place may break, possibly resulting in the IC air bag deploying improperly in the event of a crash. As, such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 226, "Ejection Mitigation."
Volvo Car USA LLC (Volvo) is recalling certain model year 2016-2017 XC90, S90, XC60, V60 Cross Country, V60, S60 Cross Country, S60, and S60 Inscription vehicles manufactured February 16, 2015, to August 22, 2016. On the affected vehicles, the front passenger seat belt buckle attaching stud may loosen, allowing the buckle to separate from the seat belt bracket. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 210, "Seat Belt Assembly Anchorages" and number 209, "Seat Belt Assemblies."
NHTSA recalls